Greetings, I got several replies to my query, all along the same lines. Here is the gist of my post: > If I am running Oracle with the Spatial extension, then I can load shapes into my > database, and do spatial queries without ever looking at a map. If I want > to view maps, not just do the queries on the shapes, and I have ArcView, or > ArcMap, why would I need SDE? Is SDE required whenever one links Oracle, > or Sybase, or SQLServer etc, to ArcView? The replies were pretty consistent. Nobody seems to have done it, but everyone agrees it could be done. If one has a simple application in mind, simple queries, then there is no need for SDE, however, the speed of the application, and one's ability to customize it with other application tools is greatly enhanced by using SDE. SDE is, of course, designed to enhance the performance of the ESRI-RDBMS link. So if you just want to do point-in-polygon queries for, say, customers-as-points and zip code polygons, probably you could do without SDE. If you already have Oracle Spatial or the equivalent, that is. Best, Gary O. ------------------------------------------------- Ah Bartleby! Ah humanity! Bartleby the Scrivener Herman Melville --------------------------------------------------